| I would agree that the $20k figure is about right.
Your scholarships would cover tuition and possibly fees. You stipend would typically be in the $15-25k/year area for a PhD student.
The $40k (CAN or US, regardless) would be pretty difficult. There are certainly some fellowships that pay in the $30-40k range, but they are extremely competitive and could hardly be expected. Some programs pay more than others, but as you said, we are talking about conservative/expected values here.
Also, it depends on how you calculate the total value. If you include the value of the tuition waiver, then yes, the total "compensation" can certainly exceed $40-50k. While the life of a grad student isn't glorious or filled with money, I would say that the total value of going to grad school is roughly the same as taking a job in industry. You either make $50k as an entry level engineer, or you get a $20k a year + free tuition. Your take home salary is obviously very different, but the value is certainly there. |