I've had one or two internship programs ask me to provide my high school GPA along with my education history, generally, but I assure you it would have almost no effect on your likelihood of getting hired or not.
I have yet to use it at all. The only reason I can think of would be if you were transferring as like a freshman/sophomore or are under a certain amount of credits. Other than that, I don't know why they would want it but it wouldn't really do anything for you or against you.
It only matters until you develop a meaningful college GPA. So that's pretty much just freshman year. As terenc said, SAT scores are often requested, particularly by top companies in consulting and finance.
