<p>1) Maryland is below the Mason Dixon line (separates Pennsylvania and Maryland); 2)It was a slave-owning state until the 13th Amendment was passed (the Emancipation Proclamation didn’t apply to Maryland because it was not a state "in rebellion;) 3) Maryland had legal segregation until the Civil Rights laws were passed in 1964; 4) Maryland probably would have joined the Confederacy if left to its own devices, but because DC would have been cut off from the North if that happened, it was essentially occupied by federal troops during the Civil War. 5) Southern sympathies during the Civil War were so strong that Lincoln avoided Baltimore for fear of assassination. In that sense, it is a Southern state. </p>
<p>In other ways, it is a Northern state. In particular, most Southerners consider Maryland as a Northern state. Also, the accent is not Southern but mid-Atlantic (closer to Philadelphia than Richmond). The large African-American population in Baltimore is comprised, for the most part, not of descendants of slaves who lived in Maryland but, rather, descendants of slaves from more Southern states who moved to Baltimore around the Second World War due to the large number of defense-related jobs in the area (shipbuilding, aircraft manufacturing, etc.) Unlike most Southern states at the time, the economy was based primarily on manufacturing, not agriculture.</p>
<p>Statues in the vicinity of the Homewood campus demonstrate the unusual dual nature of the area. Immediately to the north of campus (at Charles and University Parkway) is a large statue dedicated to the “Confederate Women of Maryland.” Immediately to the south (across from the Art Museum) is a statue of Robert E. Lee. At Charles and 29th St (just north of Hopkins’ School of Education and the Dell House) is a large statue dedicated to the Union soldiers from Maryland who fought for the North in the Civil War. I guess you can have it both ways.</p>