I would add that URM’s in schools that practice “holistic admissions” are not treated as monolithic blocks with AA’s getting X bonus points, Hispanics Y points, NA Z points. I have to think socio-economic background, whether the student is first gen, and geography all come into play. Plenty of URM’s in the results threads with stellar stat’s get denied admissions, others with mediocre ones get in. Those usually point to something in their subjective component (compelling essay, great LoR, great EC demonstrating some outstanding characteristic or achievement) that put them over the top. The “Gatekeepers” provides an excellent insight on how at least 1 AO of a selective school subjectively recalibrated for URM’s (and ORM’s).