<p>I certainly believe that the OPs image of a lone student in an advanced science class taught in Spanish is not appropriate–unless the student is a very recent arrival with high academic results already in Spanish. If he/she is that proficient in physics, there is no reason they would not be able to master English to be functional in the classroom (maybe still need help with writing) in a semester or two. </p>
<p>I personally (although some of my colleagues would tar and feather me for this) believe that immediate maintream immersion is the way to go. We all know it works. That said, the people I know for whom it has succeeded were kids whose parents were educated or knew the value of education or, in a few cases, kids who figured it out for themselves and were old enough to see the need. I have seen students succeed time and time again having been immersed immediately to sink or swim. In all the cases, I’m familiar with, regardless of age, the students were functional in the spoken language by the end of one semester (some sooner). Writing sometimes took longer depending on the age of the child. </p>
<p>We have all seen images in the media of illegal immigrant children who have succeeded academically and are now trapped at college age by their illegal status. However, many children who are not here or whose parents are not here legally face other obstacles to succeeding school. If your parents have not had much schooling, are even illiterate, perhaps, the support/help/encouragement you get at home is much different. If you are living in poverty, uncertainly, fear, or move frequently, this also affects your ability to succeed in school, even if you speak English perfectly. It is exacerbated by language difficulties and the ability to master English is equally affected. It is a vicious circle.</p>
<p>I think one of the main issues with US schools is that they are now expected to be all things to all people. Schools have student bodies who speak multiple languages and may be any stage in their acquisition of English. Students come to school dealing with all sorts of social issues–poverty, illness, teen pregnancy, drug use in the family, other family issues, etc. and schools/teachers are supposed to deal with this. Kids with all sorts of disabilities are now mainstreamed, everything ranging from a wide variety of learning disabilities, to physical problems, to Down’s syndrome children. It is mind boggling, and I don’t have any idea how it can be addressed. </p>
<p>In large school districts, there may be enough children with special needs that programs can be offered, but smaller school districts may have to deal with each child almost individually, at a huge cost. But I do agree that it is often the above average kids who are left to fend for themselves. </p>
<p>When I went to high school, I remember most of my teachers being above average, with only a couple I would have deemed mediocre. I received an excellent education and my senior year was taking 7 courses (3 independent study) in a 6-period class day. We didn’t have AP. My sons are 7 yrs apart and I can see the difference in the quality of our local schools just in that short time. Nothing is expected of students now. My very smart S2 did the absolute minimum needed to get by and still ended up with several honors courses and a 3.6 GPA. And he did it with our blessing. The first time I called him in sick so he could stay home and practice his music, it made my teacher’s heart wince, but I was convinced he would benefit far more from that than from the activities (films, making posters, study time) they were doing in the classroom.</p>