<p>That would be 4% (40/1000 = 4/100 = 4%), not .04%.</p>
<p>One of my D’s teachers last year couldn’t do math, and had an extra-credit scheme that could have resulted in a lower grade and had no chance of increasing any grade by more than a few tenths of a percent. She was up-front about how the calculation would be done (and utterly oblivious to the fact that it did not result in the outcome she said she intended, which was a few percent).</p>