@musemuse Usually when a student turns down an ED spot, it’s because of financial or personal reasons that prevent them from doing so rather than for showing traits of lack of commitment. ED is very different from EA or RD, and applicants know how serious it is because of the contract you have to sign and they know that this is their top choice school. I’m just saying that not all applicants share the same narrative and there are various reasons beyond their control to turn down an ED offer