Chances of me getting into Andover / Exeter

They do not discriminate amongst international applicants’ nationalities, but American applicants will always have precedence, all other things being equal (which they never are).

No

You get no bonus points simply for attending a school with a different curriculum. While US students typically study one science per year, basically all students following a British system will have bio/chem/physics each year leading up to GCSEs.