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<p>The major reason to do low heart rate distance exercise would be if you are training for an endurance activity (distance running, cycling, swimming to Cuba, x-country skiing, hiking, etc) and want to be able to go for hours at a time WITHOUT your heart rate skyrocketing.</p>
<p>For example, if I do any running, my heart rate takes off like a rocket because I’m not conditioned for running at all. Obviously, that means that I would never be able to keep running for very long. If I wanted to change that, I would have to force myself to run so slowly that my heart rate stayed low. If I kept at it for months of long slow distance, my body would adapt to running longer distances at lower heart rates and then I could work on picking up the pace.</p>
<p>The downside? It’s really only advantageous for endurance sports Low heart rate exercise is terrible bang for the buck in terms of fat loss or fitness or warding off insulin resistance/diabetes or heart health. For those purposes, it is much better to crank it up and really get huffing a puffing for a few minutes several times a week.</p>
<p>Because endurance running “lore” dominates the entire knowledge base of exercise and fitness, we have a situation where the prevailing thought is that you have to get on a treadmill or elliptical and go for hours and hours and hours to “burn calories” and lose weight. In reality, “long slow distance” isn’t very good at accomplishing those goals, especially when the average person doesn’t have 10 hours a week to spend on the treadmill. Real world fat loss/fitness programs should more realistically be based around three to five hours a week of exercise. In that scenario, almost none of that exercise time should be devoted to “long slow distance”.</p>
<p>Here’s the conundrum. WIth long slow distance training, you are really making your body adapt to efficiency. Every cell, every muscle fiber, every heart contraction uses as little energy as possible. As you get more adapted to long slow distance, you burn less and less energy per mile, per step, per breath. That’s the exact opposite of what you want if the point of your exercise is to fit in your jeans!</p>
<p>In reality, there is probably a benefit to including both types of exercise/activity in an overall fitness effort. </p>