<p>I ran across an incredible study conducted at Boston Children’s Hospital:</p>
<p>[High</a> Glycemic Index Foods, Overeating, and Obesity](<a href=“http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26.full]High”>http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26.full)</p>
<p>The took a dozen overweight teenage boys and admitted them to the hospital lab overnight three different times with a week or two in between. At each admission, they were all fed a dinner consisting of chicken, veggies, and fruit (40% carb, 30% protein, and 30% fat) and a similar bedtime snack.</p>
<p>The next morning they were fed one of three breakfasts:</p>
<p>a) High carb – high GI (64% carb, 16% protein, 20% fat): oatmeal, low fat milk, glucose</p>
<p>b) High carb - med GI (64% carb, 16% protein, 20% fat): steel cut oats, low fat milk, fructose</p>
<p>c) Moderate carb - low GI ( (40% carb, 30% protein, 30% fat): vegetable omelet, fruit</p>
<p>Here are the details of the meals:</p>
<p>[High</a> Glycemic Index Foods, Overeating, and Obesity](<a href=“http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26/T1.expansion.html]High”>http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26/T1.expansion.html)</p>
<p>For the rest of the morning, their blood samples were taken every half hour to measure insulin and so forth</p>
<p>Then, they were fed exactly the same meal for lunch. After lunch they were free to do whatever they wanted, but they could request a snack platter (bread, cold cuts, bagels, cream cheese, spreads, cookies, cheese, fruit) whenever they felt really hungry. They could eat as much as they wanted and request another platter later if they felt hungry again.</p>
<p>All 12 boys got each of the three diets over the course of the three admissions.</p>
<hr>
<p>The results. Staggering.</p>
<p>On blood work, there was a clear blood sugar and insulin spike on the high GI high carb meal, much less on the moderate carb meal. The other clear differences were a big spike of ephinephrine (indicative of hunger) at five hours in the high carb meal and elevated glucogon (hormonal opposite of insulin, promotes fat burning) in the omelet meal.</p>
<p>[High</a> Glycemic Index Foods, Overeating, and Obesity](<a href=“http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26/F1.expansion.html]High”>http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26/F1.expansion.html)</p>
<p>They also asked the kids to rate their hunger on a 10 point scale every half hour after the meal. There were clear differences here:</p>
<p>[High</a> Glycemic Index Foods, Overeating, and Obesity](<a href=“http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26.full]High”>http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26.full)</p>
<p>But, the most eye-popping results were the amount of food each group ate from the snack platters during the afternoon:</p>
<p><a href=“http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26/F3.medium.gif[/url]”>http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/103/3/e26/F3.medium.gif</a></p>
<p>The high carb group started asking for** snack platters 1 to 2 hours after lunch, the first mod carb boys asked at three hours. The kids eating oatmeal for breakfast and lunch consumed 81% more calories from the snack platters than the kids eating the vegetable omelet for breakfast and lunch. **Remember. These are the same kids, just different results depending on what meal they had that week. Also, remember that all of the meals had exactly the same calories. So, the results here suggest that it is absolutely not just “calories in and calories out”. There are metabolic differences in calories. Wow. 81% more afternoon snacking is a huge difference. I think I’m going to have an omelet today! :)</p>
<p>It probably is significant that all of these kids were obese already. The results would probably be different for skinny kids.</p>