If you get the bonus after year end 2019 and it is part of your 2020 income for tax purposes, it will not be part of the 2021-22 FAFSA which will use 2019 income.
As @BelknapPoint brings up, it is not always possible to contribute to a qualified pension plan. If you have a plan at work, limitations may apply.
Once you think the FAFSA EFC has accounted for Every Friggin’ Cent , you may be introduced to CSS PROFILE which then goes for the silver and gold in your teeth. Well, no quite, but your primary home equity, excluded from FAFSA, can be included as an asset for PROFILE schools. These schools vary on how they come up with an Expected Contribution but it’s rare indeed that their numbers are lower than FAFSA EFC. For those looking at going away To college, private colleges, the FAFSA EFC is the lowest you are going to pay unless you get merit money that exceeds that amount. Merit usually reduces need . So you don’t just add that to what you expect to get.
Those schools that use FAFSA only hardly ever meet full need. That number is a MINIMUM you will pay unless you find schools below that cost, or get merit money exceeding it.
If your state gives a deduction for 529 contributions, that might be a place to start putting some college money, and encouraging your student to do the same. 529 assets are treated as parental assets assessed at 5.6% after asset protection rather than the 20% that student money has.