I suspect that you believe you ‘need’ to have a big name college/U to either swim with other big fish, or to provide you the level of academics in coursework you are looking for. And you intent to work FT while doing it?
Look for the big name with graduate programs. Since you need to plan a path after CC, do look to the course requirements at various graduate programs for the type of pure math you plan to pursue - I suspect you can complete those courses at many, many UG programs.
Get your UG completed in a school that is a good fit for you now. If you are in CA, and a CA resident, why not finish at one of the fine U’s there? If your credentials when you finished HS wouldn’t have you accepted at the list of schools you proposed initially, the few that do accept a few transfer students - why pursue? If you concentrate your energies in the right ways, I believe you will have a better chance at success. You may have more doors open to you for graduate school if you are smart now. Also you don’t want a lot of UG student debt.
You want to try and hit high, but it also sounds like you believe the financial picture will also work out. Even if you take out a lot of student debt.
Sounds like as a student you are trending upward with your abilities.