This also works really well for UK “courses” (degree programs) in Geography, Environmental Science, etc. In Scotland, you’d apply for the MA, in England/Wales/NI for the B.Sc - you would need to check that taking AP Precalc would work for them.
In Canada, may I suggest McGill’s McDonald campus majors? Less competitive to get into and would work well with your choice of A Levels.
https://www.mcgill.ca/macdonald/programs/environment
ETA: I see they do require Maths A Levels 
Perhaps email that faculty about AP Precalc?
You’d have to ask.each university as each may have a different policy.
Based on what I know, Canada would likely want a course taken (online is ok) and the UK would be fine with the exam results.
Note that this program, ranked #1 for the B.Sc in the Netherlands, offers the exact subjects you’re interested in and doesn’t have a math requirement
Another top program that may be of interest