Most top private universities provide phony student-faculty ratios. They do so by using only the number of undergraduates in calculating the ratio. The IPEDS instructions are clear that the ratio should be based on the total number of students, graduate as well as undergraduate, excluding only those graduate students who are in “stand-alone programs” like law schools and medical schools. The rationale is clear and sensible: faculty in the arts and sciences, engineering, and other programs teach both undergrads and grad students, and their time will be split between them, so if you count only undergrads in calculating the S/F ratio it will give a misleading impression as to how much time faculty will have for undergrads.
Penn, for example, in Part B of its most recent CDS reports that it actually has more graduate students (11,874) than undergrads (10,033). But in Part I it claims a S/F ratio of 6 to 1, based on 9,866 students and 1,689 faculty. Clearly, they’re excluding ALL graduate students. (The number of undergrads in Part I is reduced because the total number of undergrads includes 251 part time undergrads, which the instructions for that part say to count as 1/3 of a person for purposes of calculating the S/F ratio).
Contrast that with Michigan, which in Part B reports 28,702 full-time and 1,119 part-time undergraduates, and 14,815 full-time and 1,366 part-time graduate students. And in Part I they calculate a S/F ratio of 15 to 1, based on 40,110 students and 2,761 faculty. Clearly they’re following instructions—they’re including roughly 11,000 graduate students in calculating their S/F ratio, excluding only those in stand-alone programs like law, medicine, etc.
We can’t calculate what Penn’s actual S/F ratio would be if they calculated it properly in accordance with the instructions, because we don’t know how many of its nearly 12,000 graduate students are in stand-alone programs. But we can say that if Michigan calculated its S/F ratio the way Penn does, using only the number of undergraduates, it would be about 10 to 1. That would put it much closer to the figures claimed by the Ivies and other top private universities. But unsuspecting readers of US News and even the CDS don’t know that. They take the published S/F ratio at face value, and it goes straight into US News’ ranking formula unchallenged.
To my mind this is just blatant cheating. But US News doesn’t seem to care.