Reading your second post, a few things come to mind immediately.
One is that you have shown a significant amount of resourcefulness, creativity, and a refusal to give up. This is very good. In looking at the most successful people who I have known (some of whom are quite successful) this resourcefulness and determination might be the most important thing that caused them to be successful. I think that there is a very good chance that you will succeed one way or another.
The second thing is that COVID was tough for a lot of students, and a lot of people in general. I do not know how universities will look at this, but there must be quite a few very smart students who had some tough times during COVID. One of the strongest students who I have ever known did manage to hold it together during COVID, but has talked about just how tough it was.
Cancer is tough. I hope that your father is going well, or as well as possible. One thing that I can say (having personally being fighting cancer for more than 7 years) is that cancer patients know that they will not live forever, and it is encouraging to a cancer patient to see their loved ones doing well.
Another thing that occurs to me is that top universities in Canada for admissions mostly consider your most recent 2 years. For transfers this can be the last year of high school plus the first year of university or college. Also, at least in Quebec it is normal to have 11 years of school (elementary and high school), then two years of junior college (CEGEP), and then go to university. This means that McGill has their incoming students coming in at various different ages (some from high school in the US or the rest of Canada, some from CEGEP in Quebec, a few from France since they give a tuition break to French citizens). Putting these together transferring to Toronto or McGill might at least be something to think about. It is probably easier to get into one of these two schools as a transfer student compared to NYU or U.Penn. Toronto and McGill are academically very demanding, but it looks like you are okay with this.
Also, to me a finance job on Wall Street seems like something that would be quite stressful. I have a degree in mathematics from MIT, which might have had some appeal to Wall Street companies, but Wall Street never seemed like the place where I would have wanted to work.