<p>
SES-based affirmative action could be added on top of race-based affirmative action, which is what I fear. SES is often defined in terms of parental income and education. Since both income and education are correlated with IQ and therefore academic achievement, one should expect upper-class kids to be over-represented and lower-class kids to be under-represented at the most selective schools.</p>
<p>Charles Murray develops this argument in the section “The Dominance of the Upper-Middle Class at Elite Schools” in his book “Coming Apart: The State of White America, 1960-2010”, which can be previewed on Amazon and Google Books. Quoting page 60:</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>Murray estimates on page 66 the average IQ of a child conditional on his parents’ degrees as</p>
<p>two high school dropouts – 94
two high school diplomas – 101
two college degrees (and no more) – 109
two graduate degrees – 116
two degrees from an elite college – 121</p>
<p>This is not just a US phenomenon. Bruce Charlton discusses the same effect in the UK in [Social</a> class IQ differences and university access](<a href=“http://charltonteaching.blogspot.com/2008/05/social-class-iq-differences-and.html]Social”>Bruce Charlton's Notions: Social class IQ differences and university access) .</p>