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<p>Black Students Are Beginning to Seize the Early Admission Advantage
The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. New york: Spring 2004., Iss. 43; pg. 81 </p>
<p>Of the 33,706 early applicants to these 15 universities, 12,094 students of all races were admitted. Thus, 35.9 percent of all early applicants were admitted to these universities. The highest admittance rate for early applicants was at Wake Forest University, where 53.2 percent of all early applicants were accepted for admission. At the low end of the scale, only 15.5 percent of all early applicants to MIT were admitted.</p>
<p>At six of the 15 leading universities in our study, the acceptance rate for white early applicants was higher than the rate for black early applicants. Again, there were major discrepancies. For example, 59 percent of all early applicants at Emory University were accepted for admission. But only 21.9 percent of all black early applicants gained admission. At Rice, 30 percent of all early applicants, but only 18 percent of all black early applicants, were accepted. At universities with a large early admittance rate but a low level of black early admissions, we may assume that a great many of the white students admitted early were legacies. The legacy admission advantage carries almost no value for blacks.</p>
<p>In conclusion, we note that blacks are slowly coming to see the advantages of applying early. The trend shows that black students are now more likely to apply early than was the case five years ago. In a 1999 JBHE survey, blacks made up only 2.9 percent of all early applicants to the nation’s highest-ranked colleges and universities. This year, blacks were 4.7 percent of all early applicants at the nation’s highest-ranked universities and 3.6 percent of all early applicants to the nation’s highest-ranked liberal arts colleges.</p>
<p>Blacks Who Applied for Early Admission in 2004</p>
<p>JBHE has surveyed the nation’s highest-ranked colleges and universities to determine how the controversial issue of early admissions actually affects black access to higher education, particularly admissions to our most selective institutions. JBHE asked each of the nation’s 25 highest-ranked universities and the 25 highest-ranked liberal arts colleges for this year’s early admissions data. Some of the nation’s highest-ranked institutions such as Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Amherst, Williams, Stanford, Dartmouth, Duke, and Columbia declined to participate in our survey.</p>
<p>We believe that the reason for this reluctance has to do with the fact that at most highly ranked colleges and universities there is only a very small trickle of black early decision applicants. Publication of this shortfall tends to hurt a school’s reputation for its commitment to racial diversity. It is likely, although by no means certain, that universities and colleges missing from our statistics have a low percentage of black early applicants.</p>
<p>JBHE obtained comprehensive data on early admissions from 15 high-ranking universities and 18 high-ranking liberal arts colleges. All told, 33,706 students applied early to the 15 highly ranked universities. Some 1,584 blacks applied for early decision to these universities. Thus, blacks made up 4.7 percent of the total early applicant pool at these schools. This is considerably less than the black percentage of the total applicant pool at these universities. For the class that entered in the fall of 2003, blacks, according to our count, were 6.6 percent of all applicants to these 15 universities.</p>
<p>Of the 33,706 early applicants to these 15 universities, 12,094 students of all races were admitted. Thus, 35.9 percent of all early applicants were admitted to these universities. The highest admittance rate for early applicants was at Wake Forest University, where 53.2 percent of all early applicants were accepted for admission. At the low end of the scale, only 15.5 percent of all early applicants to MIT were admitted.</p>
<p>In early application acceptance rates, blacks performed about five percentage points better than applicants of all races. Some 646 black students of the 1,584 who applied early to these institutions were admitted. Therefore, 40.8 percent of all black early applicants were accepted.</p>
<p>At Johns Hopkins University nearly 78 percent of all black early applicants were admitted. At the other end of the scale only 18.5 percent of black early applicants to Rice were accepted for admission. Remember here that Rice University’s early acceptance rate for black students is low despite the fact that it is now using race as a factor in its admissions decisions. For the past eight years Rice had not practiced race-sensitive admissions following the 1996 Hopwood decision by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. That decision was overturned by the June 2003 Supreme Court ruling in the Grutter case.</p>
<p>At nine of the 15 universities in our survey the black student early admission acceptance rate was higher than the rate for whites. In some cases the differences were huge. For example, 31.2 percent of all black early applicants to MIT were accepted compared to 15.5 percent of all early applicants. At the University of Virginia, close to two thirds of all early applicants were accepted while only 38 percent of early applicants overall were accepted.</p>
<p>At six of the 15 leading universities in our study, the acceptance rate for white early applicants was higher than the rate for black early applicants. Again, there were major discrepancies. For example, 59 percent of all early applicants at Emory University were accepted for admission. But only 21.9 percent of all black early applicants gained admission. At Rice, 30 percent of all early applicants, but only 18 percent of all black early applicants, were accepted. At universities with a large early admittance rate but a low level of black early admissions, we may assume that a great many of the white students admitted early were legacies. The legacy admission advantage carries almost no value for blacks.</p>
<p>Early Admissions at the High-Ranking Liberal Arts Colleges</p>
<p>At the 18 highest-ranked liberal arts colleges responding to the JBHE survey 6,766 students applied early. Some 259 blacks applied for early decision to these 18 highest-ranked liberal arts colleges. Thus, blacks made up 3.8 percent of the total early applicant pool at these institutions. As was the case with the highest-ranked universities, this is considerably less than the black percentage of the total applicant pool at these colleges. For the class that entered in the fall of 2003, blacks were slightly more than 5 percent of all applicants to these 18 colleges.</p>
<p>Of the 6,766 early applicants to these 18 liberal arts colleges 3,087 students were admitted. Thus, 45.6 percent of all early applicants were admitted to these colleges. The highest admission rate for early applicants was at Grinnell College where 69.4 percent of all early applicants were accepted. At the low end of the scale only 30.8 percent of all early applicants to Pomona College were admitted.</p>
<p>Some 114 black students of the 259 who applied early to these institutions were admitted. Therefore, 44.0 percent of all black early applicants were accepted, slightly lower than the rate for students as a whole. Again, there were wide disparities among the colleges. At Hamilton College 72.7 percent of all black early applicants were accepted. At Trinity College 70.6 percent of all black early applicants gained admission. Only 28.6 percent of black early applicants to Colgate were accepted. At Harvey Mudd College in California, a school that specializes in engineering, computer science, and other natural sciences, 88 students applied for early decision. Not one was black. Harvey Mudd College is heavily oriented toward the sciences and it too has had a history of low black enrollments.</p>
<p>At nine of the 18 colleges in our survey the black student early admission acceptance rate was higher than the rate for all student early applicants. In some cases the differences were huge. For example, 50 percent of the black early applicants at Pomona College were accepted compared to 30.8 percent of all early applicants. At Hamilton College 72.7 percent of all black early applicants were accepted while only 46.6 percent of all early applicants gained admission.</p>