If your D uses a teacher who taught her in 9th grade and hasn’t taught her in 11th or 12th grade, that’s going to raise questions. Also, she has continued to make As in her classes since then. Why would she be unable to get a recent teacher to give her a recommendation? Recommendations can speak to the student’s drive, efforts, kindness, quality of their work, participation, etc. I’d have a hard time believing that your D hasn’t shown any of those qualities in the last several years. Additionally, when asking for a recommendation, I always find it best to ask, “Would you be willing to write me a positive recommendation?” If a teacher doesn’t feel they can write a positive recommendation, then they won’t accept.
No. But depending on what kind of a theater major your daughter wants to be (especially if she wants a BFA) there will likely be an audition process. If she wants to do a BA in theatre at a school with no audition requirement, then she could submit a video of a performance, but she does not have to, nor does she need to get a recommendation from a performing arts teacher.
If your daughter is applying to schools that ask for two teacher recommendations, the general advice is to have one from the humanities/social sciences and one from a STEM field, though you should always follow any school-specific application instructions.
If this is indeed the case, how does she plan to pursue a theater major in college? Or have her health issues been managed so that it will no longer affect her ability to perform?
Is there a reason why you think that none of your D’s teachers have a favorable impression of her? Having been a teacher, I find most teachers can almost always find something positive to say about a kid. I have a hard time believing that none of her teachers would have anything positive to say about her.