To directly answer your question, the prerequisites for any graduate program are going to listed on the website of that program. Some programs have very specific prerequisites, and some will only give you a vague idea because they don’t require anything specific. Since you haven’t identified a specific program yet, the way to do this is to look at the websites of several different programs and see what the commonalities are.
In this case, I checked out a few M.Arch programs. CU Denver doesn’t require any specific major or courses, but they do want to see a portfolio:
Yale’s M.Arch, similarly, doesn’t require any specific undergraduate background and is actually designed for people with liberal arts degrees:
https://www.architecture.yale.edu/academics/programs/1-m-arch-i
MIT hires both people with professional bachelor’s degrees in architecture and without, but they do say that it will take you about 3.5 years to finish if you don’t have a bachelor’s in architecture.
https://architecture.mit.edu/architecture-and-urbanism/degree/march
I browsed a couple of other programs and it seems that very few of them actually require any major in architecture or any specific set of courses. Most of them will request a portfolio, though, so you probably want to take some art classes where you can begin to work on that. Some kind of internship in architecture or a related field will probably also work in your favor, as you’re going to have to justify and explain how a philosophy major came to be interested in and solidified that interest in architecture.
However, more generally, I agree with Pentaprism. You’ve come and asked about a lot of very different graduate degrees - philosophy, higher education administration, and now architecture, with some hints about being interested in engineering and medicine. There’s nothing wrong with being interested in lots of things, especially right now, as an early community college student. However, the content of your posts indicates that you’re not really ready to be thinking about graduate school right now - you have to first decide on a career path that you want to follow, and then pick the graduate program.
For right now, concentrate on taking classes that interest you and following your interests into internships, part-time jobs, and other opportunities that you have to gain experience.