No you cannot. The process is detailed below. While an undergraduate degree from a Canadian university will get you a work permit there is a period of several years before you can qualify as a landed immigrant. It would take a minimum of 2-3 years before you would apply for landed immigrant status.
https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/study-canada/work/after-graduation.html
And even at that point if you apply to medical school as a landed immigrant you had better have at least a 3.7 GPA and a high MCAT score.