<p>Neonatal surgery is actually a fellowship off of a surgery residency. You would go through 5 years of a general surgery residency followed by 2 years of a pediatric surgery fellowship in which you would work exclusively with infants, children and adolescents. </p>
<p>If you lived in a large enough city, or at a Children’s Hospital you could likely tailor your practice to only working on neonates and infants. If you were in a city that was smaller/didn’t have a specific Children’s Hospital, then you would likely not be able to be completely exclusive to only neonates.</p>
<p>Keep in mind that there are several pediatric specialties that do a lot of work with neonates including a number of procedures - pediatric cardiology with catheter repair of congenital heart defects comes to mind (mainly b/c it’s what I’m currently leaning towards). </p>
<p>There are no OB/GYN official subspecialties (ie that require a fellowship), though some do tailor their practice to only one or the other, or may focus on high things like high-risk pregnancies.</p>