I have a picture somewhere of snow inside the house, which blew in under our french doors. If that wasn’t bad enough, it didn’t melt.
I also am no help on the windows (we have Victorian 2 over 2 windows in our 1790’s house). We do have storm windows we had made 25 years ago, which help but aren’t perfect.
One anecdote: a “new” window frame rotted out unbeknownst to us, and suddenly fell out of the wall. When I went to see about a replacement, the salesman said “Well what did you expect? The window was 30 years old!”. I goggled at him and then replied “But all my other windows are in great shape and are 150 years old!”