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<p>Well, I’m not sure I buy that characterization, at least not without further elaboration. It’s certainly not a private school (in contrast to, say, Cornell, which is definitely a private school but is partially funded by the State of New york to support its ag school and several other colleges and programs within the university). Penn State was created by an act of the Pennsylvania legislature and has been state-funded ever since. It became Pennsylvania’s one and only land-grant university with the enactment of the federal Morrill Act in the 1860s. Up through the 1960s it was repeatedly referred to as “state-owned” in acts of the legislature, and its employees were even paid by state-issued checks.</p>
<p>In the 1970s it gained greater independence when the legislature created the Commonwealth System of Higher Education, which now consists of Penn State, Temple, Pitt, and Lincoln University. These schools are all state-funded (in part), but have independent governing bodies. In Penn State’s case, that’s the Board of Trustees which consists of the university president; the state’s governor; the state Secretaries of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Education; 6 additional members appointed by the governor; 9 members elected by alumni; 6 elected by state agricultural societies; and 6 elected by a board representing business and industry.</p>
<p>It’s not unusual for public universities to have independent governing bodies. The University of Michigan, for example, predates the state of Michigan but ever since Michigan has been a state, the university has been recognized in the state constitution as an independent public entity. Since 1850 it has been governed by a Board of Regents directly elected by the state’s citizens; the Regents are constitutional officers.</p>
<p>In this type of arrangement, the public university is not directly answerable to the the governor or the state department of education, and attempts by the legislature to set its policies would be seen as outside political interference in the internal workings of an independent body. The legislature, of course, has discretion with respect to what it chooses to fund and at what level, so there’s some accountability through the purse-strings. And of course the courts and the legal system provide the ultimate arena of accountability. But basically, the Trustees (in Penn State’s case) or the Regents (in Michigan’s case) are the highest authority. It’s a little more complicated in Penn State’s case because the governor and three of his cabinet members are themselves Trustees, and 6 additional members are the governor’s political appointees, so there’s much more direct involvement by the state’s political branches in the operations of the university than there would be in Michigan’s case, where the Regents are themselves elected officials answerable only to the voters.</p>
<p>I think what MD Mom means when she says Penn State is “state-supported, but not a state school” is that it’s not part of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PSSHE), which includes 14 schools all governed by a single Board of Governors consisting of the governor, the state Secretary of Education, 4 legislators, 11 political appointees of the governor, and 3 students. That governance structure places the schools under much more direct political control by the state government. The Pennsylvania legislature now refers to the schools in the PSSHE as “state-owned” and those in the Commonwealth System of Higher Education (including Penn State) as “state-related” reflecting greater independence in their governance structures. But make no mistake, they’re all public universities. Penn State was granted greater independence when CSHE was created, but that happened by a simple act of the legislature, one that could be revoked at any time.</p>
<p>The answer to LakeCloud’s question (post #5409) is that under current arrangements the Trustees are the highest authority with regard to how Penn State operates; it’s their job to clean house. But the Trustees include the governor, 3 state secretaries, and the 6 gubernatorial appointees, along with all the others. If that governance structure isn’t working, the legislature can apparently change it by statute (unlike in Michigan where it would take a state constitutional amendment to wrest control from the Board of Regents). But I haven’t heard of any move to do that.</p>