The applicant numbers come from AAMC. Go look it up.
ND (like Duke) claims 80-ish % of applicants get admitted. So QED.
I’m sure that 50% of frosh at those schools (maybe more) say they are future doctors. So of course there’s a massive drop off from that to those who ultimately apply. That is everywhere.
But any mid-sized school that is getting 200-300 kids admitted to med school per year is, by definition, a top pre-med school.
But a lot of that is correlation. Kids that can get admitted to Duke, ND, HYP are the kind of kids that are great candidates for med school admission. The only other X factor is how good the advising is.
If Duke and ND are hitting 80% admit rates, their advisors are pretty good at sorting the players from the pretenders.
PS — I’ve supplied lots of data in my posts. I don’t see any in yours. : )