Caltech students have always had the highest test scores by some meaningful margin (going back at least 40 years). Comparison of test scores between Caltech and UChicago is problematic in another aspect. UChicago is test optional so scores of its lower scoring students are likely not included.
Test scores are obviously only one measure of applicant pools. For a school like Caltech, due to self-selection, most applicants likely have test scores in excess of 1550 SAT or 35 ACT, so scores aren’t meaningful measures. It’d be interesting to see what happens in the next two admission cycles as Caltech becomes test blind.
Perhaps less than one may expect, since anyone with a reasonable chance of admission to Caltech would show multiple indicators of academic strength across the board (especially, but not exclusively, in math and science); for such applicants, a high end SAT or ACT score would not help distinguish between them.
As mentioned earlier, USNWR says that it’s test score metrics is a weighted average of the ACT and SAT, with weightings based on portion of students taking the respective exams. A list of highest scoring colleges using this methodology, with scores based on IPEDS listing is below. The number in parenthesis is the combined SAT-ACT score with weighting based on portion of students taking tests. Conversion is based on concordance tables. Note how closely clustered this combined score is outside of the the top 3. For example, the 21 point gap between #2 MIT (1540) and #3 Harvey Mudd (1519) is similar distance to the 22 point gap between #3 Harvey Mudd (1519) and #19 Stanford (1497).
Highest Test Score Colleges: Weighted SAT/ACT, Similar to USNWR
As an aspect to consider, USN converts these scores to percentiles, which could have a homogenizing effect, especially for schools with scores at or near the 99th percentile.
If I convert to percentiles and round to nearest integer, I get the following. Caltech and MIT are at 99th percentile. There is a 12-way tie at 98th percentile.
Highest Test Score Colleges: Weighted SAT/ACT Percentiles
High selectivity rates and SAT scores definitely go hand in hand. My guess is the ones at the top send marketing to many just below their numbers in the hope that they will reach for the “prize,” raising their application numbers. Every one of the schools on the top lists sent S21 marketing materials and he is at or just just below their 25%. He did reach for a few anyway…lol.
In consideration of a few of the comments on this thread, note that rank, as a statistical tool, merely represents a form of data transformation. Although ranking can make data more accessible for a value-based interpretation, ranking by itself is value neutral.
Re #53, U.S. News allows test optional colleges a wide margin when considering their scores, stating “if test scores reported represent less than 75% of the students entering, the value was discontinued by 15%.” Regarding the University of Chicago specifically, it placed similarly by standardized scoring prior to becoming a test optional school: https://www.businessinsider.com/the-610-smartest-colleges-in-america-2015-9.