I need to second what Wolverine86 said because it’s incredibly important—TALK TO YOUR PARENTS ABOUT PAYING FOR COLLEGE. Figure out how much they can pay and how much they will pay. Figure out if you need to carry any debt. And, please—look beyond what your parents are saying when they go, “We want you to go to your dream school”. Can they realistically afford $50,000/year? And do you have any siblings that are going to be going to college?
It freaks me out that so many high schoolers (this is me speaking as a current senior) researching colleges and not even mentioning talking to their parents, not thinking about cost, holding on to vague ideas (“I guess we’re pretty well-off, we take ski trips every winter”—this doesn’t mean anything! Get hard numbers!) about what’s financially doable and what isn’t.
But here’s how I made my college list:
List v0
I was pretty dead-set on a major (Computer Science), so I initially formed my list by checking out different rankings for CS and taking the top 30 schools without considering money, location, fit, et cetera (yet). I added on 5 UC campuses (I’m in-state) that had the best CS programs: 2 reaches, 1 match, 2 safeties.
List v1
Added on other schools that weren’t ranked highly in CS largely because I really liked the culture and environment; interestingly enough I dropped these fairly quickly just because their CS programs weren’t as strong as my state-school options and would have also been more expensive. I removed pretty much all major reaches (HYPSM et al) from my list and then added them back on on a case-by-case basis: two schools I really liked and one to appease my parents. Winnowed my initial list down a lot based largely on prestige and the name-brand factor (UIUC has fantastic CS but I cut very early on from my list). I’m still undecided as to whether this was a good idea or not, but prestige was a fairly big issue for my parents—and they were also less attractive options compared to certain UCs. There ended up being around 15 on this list (+ UCs = 20).
List v2
This was very close to my final list: I looked a lot at merit aid percentages and what the rep of the school was in terms of awarding financial aid. (Interestingly enough, what ended up being my dream school in terms of fit—it was probably a match or low reach for me—is known for being stingy, but it ended up being quite affordable for me in the end.) I struck off schools that I knew would be costly, unless I was in love with the school or my parents approved of it enough to consider paying near-full tuition if I got in. At this point most of the schools were ones where I felt I’d be happy to go to (except for two: my private admissions & financial safety, which I didn’t really like, and a high-reach school my parents liked). (10 on this list, + UCs = 15.)
List v3
Cut down the number of private schools I applied to down to 6, because I didn’t want to apply to an insane number of schools. I think one mistake I ended up doing here—being too skeptical of my chances, and striking off two schools I really loved but worried were too high of a reach and I didn’t want too many reaches in my list. In retrospect I feel I had a fairly good shot at one of them, and I do have some residual “what-ifs” about not having applied to the other.
I actually didn’t even consider location (the urban/rural thing) when selecting colleges to apply to at all. It was only around February that I started realizing that I really preferred an urban environment more. A lot of the traditional factors questionnaires ask you about (co-ed or not, large or small, big on sports or not) I really didn’t care about until later on, when I had already applied to schools. I focused almost exclusively on CS departmental strength. (Yeah, I’m kind of a nerd.)