<p>It is mainly the corporations crying shortage. This partly because they want cheaper labor and justification for h1-b’s and another is because they think they should be able to post a job ad for a Chemist with 15 years specific experience formulating urethane resins while not providing internships or training. This over specialization, refusal to offer training, and rampant purple squirrelism when hiring is the only true shortage.</p>
<p>Academia also requres a constant flow of fresh suckers to work in their labs. They rely on grad student labor so each professor needs a constant stream of grad students so they replicate scientists at a rate the job market cannot support out of self interest.</p>