“prefer” is pretty strong, and I doubt you will find a US college that will say that.
Different colleges want different things.
The big state universities that you aren’t interested in don’t mind at all whether or not you do anything.
The small LACs that you are interested don’t need you to do anything in particular- but they do want to know that you will be a good member of the community.
For a start, all those teams and shows and concerts need people to watch them as well as be in them! All those activities the various ‘clubs’ organize need people to do the activity.
Also, ‘clubs’ in college are different than ‘clubs’ in HS. You like to ski & surf? At an LAC, you may find that you enjoy being part of the Ski / Surf club, even if it is just as a member who gets discounted ski passes or goes on the trips you want to go on. That is a way of being a part of a community, and you control your degree of involvement.
Think it through: do you really plan to stay in your (single) room by yourself, except for class, or when you take yourself off-campus to surf/ski/whatever by yourself? If so, why go to an LAC, where being a part of a community is central to the experience? You could just do an online BA and find an online job and poof! you are good to go.
Or…give yourself a chance to grow a little. There are introverts at every,single.college. Research LACs until you find some that feel right to you. You might take a peek at St Lawrence (great skiing options), Rollins (surfing), UVt (technically not an LAC, but nearly so in practice, and has great skiing), or Syracuse & URochester (small unis with good skiing).