Why is the maximum student loan for freshman yr 5.5k? & what other loans are available to students?

thanks for the replies and the clarification between sub and unsub. I was going to ask ‘how does the student get a Perkins loan?’ Googling, it said that you must exhibit exceptional financial need. I guess $68k per yr HH Agi family of 5 is not this level of need as this was not offered to my niece.

Also, the following site seems to put Perkins under this $27k max loan regulation for an undergrad… So even if they cd get a Perkins it wd not have increased their student loans.
https://studentaid.ed.gov/types/loans/perkins

So what other student loans of the variety that can be paid back after graduation are there for students? As we know with averages, there wd be some undergrad loans of 40, 50, 60 etc (and some loans of 2, 3, 5k). Private loans was mentioned above. ANy 411 on private loans? What are good ones? with good rates, payment deferment, and underwriting criteria that allows them to be offered to people who really need them?

The typical saw for private (bank) loans , of course, is : the banks will only give loans to people who do not need the loan;

Here is something on fed v private loans, but links to private loans. surprise - fed loans are better that is the good news. The bad news is that it is not enough to get the kid to school.
https://studentaid.ed.gov/types/loans/federal-vs-private

Some more info on private
http://www.finaid.org/loans/privatestudentloans.phtml