Will getting a B in math [linear algebra at a college] as a prospective math major hurt my chances at top schools?

Even MIT is not a mathematical academy. Take a look at the GIR’s… you may think your entire application is about math, but the Adcom’s are looking for students who take advantage of the entire curriculum. That’s why there are so many requirements.

You’ve done everything you can do- just make sure you’ve got a balanced list and stop worrying about it. There is more to these schools than math, and they are looking at MORE than just your math ability.