<p>The Goretex (or OmniTech or Ultrex or HyVent) coatings only serve one purpose: to keep wind and rain out.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, there are two conflicting goals. You want to keep rain and water out (waterproof), but you want moisture from perspiration to be able to escape (breathability).</p>
<p>A plain plastic poncho is 100% waterproof, but 0% breathable, so it’s like wearing a portable sauna.</p>
<p>At the other end of the scale, a cotton jacket is 100% breathable, but 0% waterproof.</p>
<p>The outer layer of all winter jackets (and sleeping bags) is a tight-weave nylon that has been treated with a water resistant coating that makes water bead up rather than soak in. </p>
<p>Goretex (or the others) adds a coating or laminate to the back of the nylon that is 100% waterproof. However, all of these coatings reduce breathability. While they all breath to some extent, nothing (even just plain nylon) breathes enough to dissipate water vapor from heavy exercise (like downhill skiiing). So the fact that one brand may be more “breathable” in a lab test is largely irrelevant. That’s why most of the good waterproof/breathable jackets have zip open vents incorporated along the underside of the arm and the various pockets. </p>
<p>As the first company to offer waterproof/breathable technology, Goretex established a brand name and commands a premium price. Whether that price is justified by real-world benefits is hard to say. </p>
<p>If it weren’t for rain, a plain nylon shell would be the most comfortable because it is the most breathable. However, in wet or windy conditions, a Goretex/Ultrex/OmniTech/Hyvent shell will be a better compromise, even though it doesn’t breath as well. New England is a pretty wet climate with a lot of cold rain/sleet days. So around here the waterproof/breathable fabrics are the way to go.</p>
<p>All of these still have the water-beading treatment on the outer surface. This can be restored with products that are added to the wash water. In fact, just washing these fabrics will restore the water-beading.</p>
<p>Here’s an interesting and humorous article discussing all of this as it applies to lightweight rain jackets. The author went to an Army fabric testing engineer who had found that all of the waterproof/breathable fabrics are pretty much the same, with Goretex testing out midpack.</p>
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