We lived in Anchorage for seven years, but we are not cruisers, so I can’t help with that. Denali will be colder than the southeast, obviously, but it is an amazing experience.
Do check on the weather before you leave. That saying, Alaska is very casual/outdoorsy where you are going.
I don’t think I’d bother with hiking boots, but you will probably want some kind of comfortable walking shoe/hiking sneaker. If you have space, 2 pairs in case one gets wet. I’d say a pair of comfortable sandals that you can walk in, and then whatever “dressy” shoe you want for the ship (again, no experience with that).
The layering suggestion is key. If you take a pair of jeans, a pair of hiking - type pants (Horizon by Eddie Bauer, for example), and a pair of capris (in whatever multiples you can fit in your suitcase), you should be fine. Nicer pants if you want for dinner in Anchorage but honestly you’ll see everything in restaurants there, in or out of tourist season.
For tops (again not for formal night, have no clue), t-shirts with long-sleeved button up shirts that you can put over them, and a light wool sweater or 2. Again, there are nice hiking shirts at REI that also add sun/insect protection.
A fleece and a rain jacket that fits over it are musts, and I like the little stretchy gloves that are easy to pack, just in case. You may want a brimmed (baseball) cap for sun/rain.
Bring binoculars. If you have room, bug wipes for the land portion of your trip. In Denali, unless you are hiking, you will mostly be riding on a bus through the park.
That’s my advice! Take it or leave it.
P.S. If you want restaurant names in Anchorage, let me know. We’ve been gone about 6 years but most of our favorites are still there.