Biology 2010 Prep

Test Preparation AP Sciences
521

<p>I think he/she meant a mnemonic for angio/gymno sperms… If you can remember that “gymno” means naked, then a gymnosperm = “naked” seed…</p>

<p>Edit: sorry, I didn’t see that last line! I just saw the DNA and was like, “…?” I apologize profusely. :)</p>

522

<p>Does anybody happen to have the FRQs for the 1990 and/or 1999 exams?</p>

523

<p>[Here’s</a> the FR for 1999](<a href=“Supporting Students from Day One to Exam Day – AP Central | College Board”>http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/members/repository/biology_99.pdf), I don’t know about 1990 though. [AP</a> Central](<a href=“Supporting Students from Day One to Exam Day – AP Central | College Board”>Supporting Students from Day One to Exam Day – AP Central | College Board) has enough FR to prepare you well</p>

524

<p>1990 -

  1. involves a table, which I’m too lazy to type up (sorry) but it’s a lab based question involving cumulative oxygen consumption by germinating and dry seeds.
  2. Describe the steps of protein synthesis, beginning with the attachment of the mRNA molecule to the small subunit of a ribosome and ending with the release of the polypeptide from the ribosome. Include in your answer a discussion of how the different types of RNA function in this process.
  3. Discuss the adaptations that have enabled flower plants to overcome the following problems associated with life on land.
    a. The absence of an an aquatic environment for reproduction
    b. The absence of an aquatic environment to support the plant body
    c. Dehydration of the plant
    I don’t have number 4, sorry</p>

<p>1999-

  1. The rate of photosynthesis may vary with changes that occur in environmental temperature, wavelength of light, and light intensity. Using a photosynthetic organism of your choice, choose only ONE of the three variables and for this variable
    -design a scientific experiment to determine the effect of the variable on the rate of photosynthesis for the organism
    -explain how you would measure the rate of photosynthesis in your experiment
    -describe the results you would expect. Explain why you would expect these results</p>

<p>2) Communication occurs among the cells in a multicellular organism. Choose three of the following examples of cell-to-cell communication, and for each example, describe the communication that occurs and the types of responses that result from this communication.
-Communication between two plant cells
-Communication between two immune system cells
-Communication either between a neuron and another neuron or between a neuron and a muscle cell
-Communication between a specific endocrine gland cell and it’s target cell</p>

<p>3) Scientists have proposed a reorganization of the phylogenetic system of classification to include the domain, a new taxonomic category higher (more inclusive) than the Kingdom category, as shown in the following diagram.
(shows a diagram with a universal ancestor and arrows branching off to the 3 major domains, bacteria, archaea and eukarya)
-Describe how this classification scheme presents different conclusions about the relationships among living organisms than those presented by the previous five-kingdom system of classification
-Describe three kinds of evidence that were used to develop the taxonomic scheme above, and explain how this evidence was used. The evidence may be structural physiological, molecular, and/or genetic.
-Describe four of the characteristics of the universal ancestor</p>

<p>4) Scientists seeking to determine which molecule is responsible for the transmission of characteristics from one generation to the next knew that the molecule must (1) copy itself precisely (2) be stable but able to be changed (3) be complex enough to determine the organism’s phenotype.
-Explain how DNA meets each of the three criteria stated above
-Select one of the criteria stated above and describe experimental evidence used to determine that DNA is the hereditary material</p>

<p>–
For the pathway of the blood, it’s RLLB (Roses look like balloons)
stands for Right, Lungs, Left, Body (it gets oxygenated in the bloods and deoxygenated in the body)</p>

525

<p>Thanks, guys. I know that there are plenty on the CollegeBoard website… but I wanted to simulate the complete '90 or '99 exam, MC AND FRQs to see just how well I will do. I’ve had very little (you can essentially say zero) practice coming up with FRQ responses off the top of my head and getting them onto paper.</p>

526

<p>anybody wanna describe RFLP analysis? whats the purpose?</p>

527

<p>My teacher didn’t review with us at all… instead we started a dissection.
Time to cram Cliff’s</p>

528

<p>Can someone please answer and explain this to me? I always thought that mitochondria were only in heterotrophs… not autotrophs… and thus not in plants? </p>

<ol>
<li>In a mesophyll cell of a leaf, the synthesis of ATP occurs in which of the following?
i. Ribosomes
ii. Mitochondria
iii. Chloroplasts
(A) i only
(B) ii only
(C) iii only
(D) ii and iii only
(E) i, ii, and iii</li>
</ol>

529

<p>Plants need to produce ATP just like animals do. Even though they produce glucose through photosynthesis, they also use that glucose for energy through cellular respiration.</p>

530

<ol>
<li>In a mesophyll cell of a leaf, the synthesis of ATP occurs in which of the following?
i. Ribosomes
ii. Mitochondria
iii. Chloroplasts
(A) i only
(B) ii only
(C) iii only
(D) ii and iii only
(E) i, ii, and iii </li>
</ol>

<p>D, both have ATP synthase.
Ribosomes make lipids and help in the process of making RNA/DNA/proteins…totally unrelated in the process of ATP synthesis.</p>

531

<p>Thanks for the quick responses.</p>

<p>However, Mitochondria use the glucose produced by the chloroplast to produce energy, right? So chloroplasts wouldn’t be directly producing energy. Wouldn’t that make it B?</p>

532

<p>But doen’t cyclic photophosphorylation in choroplast produce ATP?</p>

533

<p>Yes, it does. Chloroplasts directly produce energy anyway. I don’t know what bobraymund’s talking about.</p>

534

<p>

</p>

<p>Ah, you are correct. My mistake, thanks.</p>

<p>So, since the choloroplast uses the whole photophosphorylation in the mitochondria, does that mean that mitochondrion actually exist in leaves? Confusing. o.O</p>

535

<p>Photosynthesis has nothing to do with mitochondria… The thylakoid membrane has an ETC of its own.</p>

536

<p>Leaves can grow, so I’d imagine they have mitochondria in them.</p>

537

<p>Ha ha, sorry for sounding so confusing. I just couldn’t get my head around this.</p>

<p>

</p>

<p>Okay, that makes sense. However, I don’t see how the answer could be D because that would insinuate that mitochondrion exist in mesophyll cells of leaves. Would it not? Or am I totally missing the point and do leaves actually have mitochondrion? I thought that mitochondrion only existed in heterotrophs, not autotrophs, which are leaves… Blargh.</p>

538

<p>Right, the correct answer is D; almost that exact question was on an old AP Bio exam. I’m just saying that photophosphorylation doesn’t occur in mitochondria. I don’t think I said that answer wasn’t D? Mitochondria are definitely in the mesophyll cells.</p>

<p>Sorry if I did. :P</p>

539

<p>Does anyone have a link to a released MC exam. My teacher doesn’t have any and I can’t find them online. Thanks :)</p>

540

<p>Ha ha, my mistake. Thanks for hearing me out. :p</p>