<p>One more link, and then I’m done with defending myself against Claremarie, and maybe done with CC in general. My greatest fear in disclosing my history here was being put in this position. And that’s exactly what’s happened on this thread.</p>
<p>[J</a>. Michael Bailey supporter Paul McHugh defames transsexual women in Catholic magazine article](<a href=“http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/McHugh/McHugh%20on%20Transsexualism.htm]J”>J. Michael Bailey supporter Paul McHugh defames transsexual women in Catholic magazine article)</p>
<p>Paul McHugh Defames Transsexual Women:</p>
<p>In a Catholic magazine article in 2004, Paul McHugh (the Vatican’s advisor on sexual matters and an avid J. Michael Bailey supporter) monstrously defamed and ridiculed transsexual women.</p>
<p>In that article, McHugh also claimed credit for ‘discovering’ that transitioned women are really either “homosexual men” or “mentally-ill sexually paraphilic men”, relegating Blanchard’s role to that of merely confirming his (McHugh’s) “two-type theory”. Since that time, major Catholic media have cited McHugh’s article in an escalation of trans-bashing by the Catholic hierarchy, as evidenced in the notes further below.</p>
<p>As a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences and of G. W. Bush’s President’s Council on Bioethics, McHugh’s credentials have given him clout in elite circles amongst those unaware of his highly-personal hatred of transitioned women (which he masks as “scientific understanding”). It was in these roles that he promoted the publication of J. Michael Bailey’s transphobic book.</p>
<p>For more on McHugh’s defamation of trans women, see also Andrea James’ Webpage about McHugh and Monica Roberts essay “Why Is The Catholic Church Hatin’ On Transpeople?”</p>
<p>Commentary on the McHugh article:</p>
<p>In November 2004, psychiatrist Paul McHugh (the Vatican’s advisor on sexual matters) came out openly and stated his “scientific” position on “sex changes”. . . . The article is entitled “Surgical Sex”, and it can be found at the following Catholic Church website:</p>
<p>[First</a> Things - Home](<a href=“November 2004 | Print Edition | First Things”>November 2004 | Print Edition | First Things)</p>
<p>This article is the latest in a long series of attacks on “sex changes” by McHugh, going all the way back to his personality conflicts and confrontations with John Money at Johns Hopkins in the 70’s, with McHugh personally being responsible for closing down the gender clinic there. For more of the historical background on McHugh, see Andrea James’ page “Paul McHugh on Transsexualism”</p>
<p>In his recent article, McHugh is ruthless in his caricaturing of transsexual women, which he does in a manner reminiscent of school-yard bullies instead of “famous scientists”. In the article he mocks these women and ridicules them in the grossest of ways:</p>
<p>“…The post-surgical subjects struck me as caricatures of women. They wore high heels, copious makeup, and flamboyant clothing; they spoke about how they found themselves able to give vent to their natural inclinations for peace, domesticity, and gentleness—but their large hands, prominent Adam’s apples, and thick facial features were incongruous (and would become more so as they aged)…”</p>
<p>Here we see him making fun of women who, through no fault of their own, had been forced by fate to be masculinized by testosterone, and who had then in many clinics been forced to dress as caricatures of women (in high heels and with lots of makeup) during extended “real life tests” (RLT) as part of the forced-protocol for obtaining access to surgeries.</p>
<p>Furthermore, many of the old clinics forced trans women into RLT without the benefit of hormones, only prescribing hormones after an extended RLT (a practice is still enforced at The Clarke Institute in Canada - now called the CAMH).</p>
<p>McHugh’s remarks are thus seen as incredibly offensive - he is seen as ridiculing the very clients that those old clinics forced into the torture of RLT and social transition without the benefit of hormones. And of course McHugh ignores any and all effects of the many modern treatments, including FFS, that can correct the masculinization-effects which McHugh ridicules. Thus he is playing on crude social stereotypes of trans women as “men in dresses”, taunting and humiliating them in absentia in the process.</p>
<p>Then, a little further along, we notice a subtle but fascinating claim: </p>
<p>McHugh apparently sees himself as the instigator and principal propagator of the now infamous “two-type” theory of transsexualism. Furthermore, since he apparently believes that he “has won the scientific war against sex changes” by convincing the Vatican to denounce transsexualism in 2000, and by supporting Mr. Bailey’s book on the inside at the National Academy of Sciences in 2003-2004, he thinks it is now time to tell the history of his great success! </p>
<p>In telling this story, he reduces the contribution of The Clarke (namely sexologist Ray Blanchard) to that of merely confirming his and Meyer’s ideas from the mid-1970’s. This greatly reduces Blanchard’s “fame” as the “discoverer” of anything, and pushes the two-type theory back to a time in the 70’s when psychiatric theories of transsexualism (and homosexuality too) were just prejudices in disguise:</p>
<p>“… Thanks to this research, Dr. Meyer was able to make some sense of the mental disorders that were driving this request for unusual and radical treatment. Most of the cases fell into one of two quite different groups. One group consisted of conflicted and guilt-ridden homosexual men who saw a sex-change as a way to resolve their conflicts over homosexuality by allowing them to behave sexually as females with men. The other group, mostly older men, consisted of heterosexual (and some bisexual) males who found intense sexual arousal in cross-dressing as females. As they had grown older, they had become eager to add more verisimilitude to their costumes and either sought or had suggested to them a surgical transformation that would include breast implants, penile amputation, and pelvic reconstruction to resemble a woman. … Further study of similar subjects in the psychiatric services of the Clark Institute in Toronto identified these men by the auto-arousal they experienced in imitating sexually seductive females.”</p>
<p>These assertions, based on “research” in the 1970’s, suggest why Blanchard (and later J. Michael Bailey and Anne Lawrence) also constantly refer to intense, early-onset transsexualism as “extreme effeminate homosexuality”, rather than as a form of innate gender feelings in conflict with body sex. These assertions come down to us from a time when homosexuality was openly pathologized by psychiatrists - a time when psychiatrists’ knee-jerk reactions were that trans women were simply “gay men”. </p>
<p>However, unscientific thought they are, these assertions have been forcefully propagated for over 30 years by this very Paul McHugh, who has been in a position to make them stick in psychiatric circles - even in the face of rapidly mounting and massive counter-evidence against them.</p>
<p>We strongly suspect that when the Bailey book came out, McHugh launched this same kind of tirade against transsexual women inside the National Academies. McHugh is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences and a member of the current President’s Council on Bioethics. He would have been the very “top authority” whom the leaders of the Academies turned to to learn about transsexualism. No one there would have realized that McHugh has been on a personal Catholic religious rampage against “sex changes”, and has had a closed mind on this entire subject, for the past 30 years.</p>
<p>Is is any wonder then, that the National Academies refused to ever meet with any of the many professional/scientific/academic trans women who wrote and complained when the Academies published the Bailey book? After all, the Academies’ elite insider McHugh paints a picture of us as being witchlike creatures, creatures who would frighten any normal person to death if they had to be in the same room with us! Thus is it any wonder the National Academies gave us the silent treatment?</p>
<p>And now, egotist that he is, McHugh is trying to steal Blanchard’s thunder by declaring that psychoanalyst Jon Meyer and he (McHugh) were actually the researchers who originated the two-type theory of transsexual mental illness, which we shall from now on call the “Meyer-McHugh theory”. According to McHugh, Blanchard merely made some confirming measurements, somewhat in the vein that Bailey “made some confirming observations of transsexuals in Chicago”, and then gave a catchy name to one of the types. But in his mind it is really he, McHugh, who figured this all out once and for all, way back in the 1970’s.</p>
<p>You will also notice in his article that McHugh also takes credit for causing and sponsoring William Reiner’s pioneering work on the cloacal exstrophy cases. By doing this, he moves into a position to “speak for Reiner”, and thus more easily misspeak regarding the Reiner’s main findings regarding the nature of gender. McHugh even has the nerve to ask regarding trans women,</p>
<p>” Where did they get the idea that our sexual identity (“gender” was the term they preferred) as men or women was in the category of things that could be changed?",</p>
<p>i.e., suggesting that transitioners expect SRS to change their inner identities, when in fact SRS is done to confirm and accommodate to one’s existing inner identity. McHugh refuses to believe gendered feelings and gendered identities exist independent of body sex - even though Reiner’s work amply demonstrates such independent-of-body-sex inner feeling and identities.</p>
<p>Of course Reiner can openly tell the story regarding his pioneering work on the negative impacts of many intersex infant surgeries without alienating McHugh. He can help bring more wisdom and compassion to the treatment of infant intersex kids, who in the past have been arbitrarily assigned to a gender based on “practical surgical considerations” rather than waiting till they can speak and act for themselves and give their parents some clue as to their inner identities. McHugh loved these results, because they helped him “stop sex changes” (and in the cases of intersex infants, this was usually a correct thing to do).</p>
<p>We wonder though, will Reiner have to wait for McHugh to pass on before telling the overall implications of his results more fully? After all, Reiner’s cloacal exstrophy follow-ups are to gender what the moons of Jupiter were to astronomy: The very visible and undeniable reality of something mysterious at the time that had been previously denied (by the Catholic Church). In this case we see stark evidence for gendered feelings and identities that are not based on body sex and upbringing, feelings and identities that emerge strongly during childhood and that cry out for social and physical expression.</p>
<p>William Reiner left Johns Hopkins around a year ago or so, and is now at University of Oklahoma at Oklahoma City. He heads a program in pediatric urology and is doing research there. </p>
<p>But even so, can Reiner really follow-up and talk about those broader implications of his research results? Any such discussions would challenge McHugh’s position on gender. McHugh has a powerful stranglehold in elite scientific circles on opinion in that area, and we’ve seen the power wielded by McHugh against those who dare disagree with him (for example, John Money). Would Reiner dare to openly contradict McHugh’s misinterpretations of the cloacal exstrophy results regarding innate gender identity independent of body sex? Only time will tell. </p>
<p>Note that we do see him coming close to this, when talking about intersex kids growing up (it is just a short step to talking about trans kids this way) in the following quotes from a recent article entitled “Living in between, but no longer in silence” (NYU News), by Kim Llerena:</p>
<p>Since the 1950s, surgery has been the preferred method among urologists for dealing with intersex bodies, by “normalizing” genitalia so that children could grow up in a definitive male or female role. Recently, however, new evidence has led some urologists to concede that the genitals do not make the man - or the woman.</p>
<p>“I don’t think it matters whether you assign a sex or you don’t, or even whether you assign the correct sex,” said Dr. William Reiner, a professor in the urology department at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. “A child is going to identify [himself or herself]. A child’s sexual identity can only be known by the child.”</p>
<p>In any event, William Reiner is a brilliant scientist and a gentleman and in the end his pioneering work will speak for itself. He will make his mark in scientific history not by the domineering pushing of unsound pet theories as did Money and McHugh, but by doing it the hard way: by doing good science.</p>
<p>Meantime, by prematurely grasping for his place in history, McHugh has now tipped his hand in his essay. He WANTS people to know about his important role in the Vatican decision to denounce transsexualism. He wants people to know about his role in the National Academies’ publication and promotion of the Bailey book, a book that the prestigious Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) has called “Queer Science”. He wants to be “appreciated” for what he considers to be his important scientific efforts to “stop sex changes”.</p>
<p>However, the publication of this incredibly offensive and overstated Catholic magazine article may prove to be quite a blunder by McHugh: </p>
<p>His irrational and unscientific hatred of transsexual women shows through too clearly, in his gross ridiculing and caricaturing of trans women.</p>
<p>He even has the nerve to comment about how transitioning women talked incessantly about sex in their psychiatric interviews - when it was the interviewer-psychiatrists themselves who would talk about nothing else but sex! </p>
<p>He’s also seen, out in the open, overlooking obvious “other interpretations of key data” much like Money did. And, for example, he has totally ignored the evidence of decades-worth of successful transitions by thousands of women.</p>
<p>He then concludes his article by calling gender variance “madness”. </p>
<p>McHugh is seen here doing great and tragic harm by making ego-maniacal warped-science pronouncements about transsexual people, just as Money did in his efforts to promote infant genital surgery on intersex kids.</p>
<p>They are two of a kind: Money and McHugh.</p>
<p>Money for decades pushed sex reassignments of intersex infants, under a bogus theory of gender. Money insisted wrongly that gender is socially constructed and that intersex boys could be turned into girls if reassigned surgically early enough. He then deliberately prevented mounting counter-evidence to his theory from being widely revealed to his scientific colleagues. For several decades he pushed and promoted the practice of infant intersex surgeries, even in the face of mounting evidence that his theory was incorrect.</p>
<p>McHugh has for decades tried to stop transsexual sex reassignments, under a bogus theory that trans women are homosexual men or sexual paraphilics. By power of position and personality he stopped (not only the infant genital surgeries, but also) the transsexual surgeries at John’s Hopkins. He then deliberately prevented mounting counter-evidence to his theory from being widely revealed to his scientific colleagues. For decades now he has pushed and promoted the idea that “sex changes are wrong”, even in the face of mounting evidence that his theory was incorrect - evidence that transsexual transitions can work out extremely well.</p>
<p>In the end, just like Money, McHugh will go down in history as a devil of a man who shattered the lives of tens of thousands of gender variant people. I think we should help him along in this, by making sure his “important role” in history is fully documented and well-remembered.</p>
<p>Lynn Conway</p>
<p>November 26, 2004</p>