If your school doesn't rank, how do selective colleges estimate whether or not you're in the top 10%

My competitive school doesn’t rank and I heard that using the school profile, selective colleges are able to estimate your class rank. How exactly would they do this?

This is the info about the recent graduating class's cumulative weighted GPA that our school gave colleges:

Top fifth: 4.33‐4.92
Highest: 4.92
Mean: 3.64

Lowest: 0.94

If my GPA will be a 4.62 weighted by the end of junior year, what would colleges estimate my rank to be? Thanks

Check out common application for GC’s LOR. Even if your school doesn’t rank, your GC would check off what percentile you are in.

My D’s very rigorous private school does not rank. Out of 54 grads this past year, 29 ended up at IVY’s, MIT, or Stanford. College admission officers know your school and previous graduates. They know what to expect. Do not worry about this.