Just for context, long ago there was established a progressive sequence of math topics, meaning that it makes sense to do them a certain order so as to always be well-prepared for the next step in the sequence. This is sometimes known as the main math sequence, core math sequence, or something similar.
OK, then there are some conventional names for the courses that line up with the main math sequence, derived from what usually makes sense to do in a full year in middle school or HS, or alternatively a semester in college.
At the end, this sequence in college goes Calc 1, Calc 2, Calc 3 (MVC), and sometimes people include Differential Equations and Linear Algebra. Beyond that, advanced math branches in too many different directions for there to still be plausibly just one sequence, and some people would say that has really already happened once you get to Diffy Q and LA.
OK, then in HS, the Advanced Placement system wanted it to be possible for advanced math students to place out of the first year of college math, which would usually be Calc 1 and 2. But because it can be a challenge to fit a semester of college math into just a semester of HS, they set it up so you can do a year for Calc 1 (this is AB), and a year for Calc 2 (this is BC).
However, they also recognized that sufficiently advanced math students could maybe do it all in a HS year. So you can also take BC without taking AB first, and then take an AP exam that covers both.
OK, so because the core sequence is so well established in math, this all works quite well, and therefore it makes a lot of sense for high schools with enough advanced math students to offer at least AB, and often BC too. Not all high schools do, of course, and some only offer AB. But many “college prep” high schools offer through BC.
And so lots of kids who are advanced in math take through BC, because that completes the first year of college math, and their HS offered it.
But it doesn’t have to stop there. Some high schools go ahead and offer Calc 3 (MVC), Diffy Q, LA, and maybe even more advanced math. This is getting into the second or even third year of college math sometimes, but some high schools have enough kids interested in that to make it worth their while.
OK, but by far the more typical stopping point is Calc BC (if it is not earlier). Hence why you hear so much about it.
But if you are attending one of those relatively rare high schools which goes farther, then it really loses any special status, it is just another step along the way. Of course it can be nice to get credit, but that is not an admissions issue.