The federal program is PSLF (Public Service Loan Forgiveness)
Yes, Texas has its own in-state version of this–PELRP (Physician Education Loan Repayment Program)
http://www.hhloans.com/index.cfm?ObjectID=A85AA8AA-0CD1-EDD4-D9379C7C084059FB
PELRP will repay up to $160,000 in student loan debt for physicians in primary care or mental health fields who work for 4 years in a designated medically underserved area. Participating physicians must agree to provide services to medicaid and CHIP recipients or work in the Texas Juvenile Correction System.
Many states have similar programs. My state certainly does.
Additionally, the federal government pays supplements to hospitals in designated medically underserved areas so in turn they can offer that physicians/physician groups higher than typical salaries to physicians in all specialties. For example, at a rural hospital in critically underserved area within my state (federally designated highest need area), salaries for emergency medicine physicians, radiologists, general surgeons, OB/GYN are 30-50% higher than they are in urban/suburban areas of the state.
But the problem is that most (all?) young physicians don't stay once they complete their 4 year term of service. The high turn over contributes to many of the problems of rural medicine--lack of patient confidence in their physicians, poor staff morale, lack of continuity of care…..