PSAT Fall 2016 Practice Test #2: Writing/Lang Question #39 (States and Commas)

I am a high school English teacher and am working through the official Fall 2016 PSAT study booklet (Practice Test #2) with my sophomore English classes. Just want to quickly clarify question 39 from the Writing and Language test:

  1. One exception to this trend is Cleveland, Ohio; a great place for young artists.

(the underlined portion is… is Cleveland, Ohio; a)

A. NO CHANGE
B. is: Cleveland, Ohio, a
C. is Cleveland, Ohio—a
D. is Cleveland, Ohio (a

The correct answer is C. Can someone please give the technical explanation for why B is incorrect?

Thank you!

From the CB web site:
Choice C is the best answer. The passage first identifies an agricultural problem: “Consider the western corn rootworm—a beetle that’s a serious pest of corn in the United States” (jump to lines 6-7). By the conclusion of the passage, however, the way the rootworm’s “gut bacteria” (jump to line 40) aided the insect’s survival in both corn and soybean fields has been fully explained: “The team proved that the bacteria were responsible by killing them with antibiotics. Sure enough, this drastically lowered the cysteine protease activity in the guts of the rotation-resistant beetles and wrecked their ability to thrive among soybeans” (jump to lines 53-56). Overall, the passage can therefore be summarized as having a focus shifting from the identification of an agricultural problem to an explanation of its cause.

Choice A is incorrect because the passage does not state that the challenge posed by the western corn rootworm was easy to overcome. Choice B is incorrect because the passage provides virtually no biographical information about the scientists involved (other than the fact they worked at the University of Illinois). Choice D is incorrect because while the passage ends its first paragraph by stating the belief that “zoology is ecology,” it otherwise does not discuss any particular scientific field.

Question Difficulty: Medium

I think that @3scoutsmom accidently gave the explanation for #39 from the reading section. From the writing and language section:

Choice C is the best answer because the dash is appropriate in this sentence. In this case, it draws attention to the idea that Cleveland, unlike cities that are too expensive, is a great place for young artists.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the semicolon, colon, and single parenthesis are all used inappropriately in this sentence. In choice A, the semicolon links an independent clause to a dependent clause. In choice B, the colon is unnecessary and should be deleted. In choice D, the single parenthesis must be paired with another parenthesis after “artists.”

Question Difficulty: Hard

@kimclan1 thanks for the correction!

All English teachers should know that a colon cannot follow “is.” A colon precedes a list of items or an independent clause that explains the previous clause

Here’s an easy way to think about colons: if the sentence could still work without the colon, then it shouldn’t include the colon.

You must have an independent clause before a colon.

Here we have -

“One exception to this trend is:”

Can you put a period instead of the colon and have a complete sentenance? No.

The other common way this is tested is -

“My three favorite foods are:”

People are SO programed to think “colon followed by a list is ok” that they forget that what comes BEFORE the colon is also important.

Independent clause [colon] list, explaination, example.