Kate has never smoked, doesnÂt drink, is a longtime vegetarian, and, a mother of two. A former registered nurse, she understands the importance of regular health screenings and has them religiously.</p>
<p>When Kate, then 44 years old, was diagnosed with lung cancer that had metastasized (spread) to her brain, she was stunned. ÂIÂd been having severe headaches and suspected something was wrong, but when I found out I had advanced lung cancer, I was in total shock.Â</p>
<p>KateÂs prognosis was not good. In fact, the average length of time most patients with lung cancer as advanced as hers survive is about eight months.</p>
<p>Her brain tumor was surgically removed and she began chemotherapy at a hospital in Connecticut, where she then lived. Investigating all her options, she decided to visit the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center to meet with Thomas Lynch, MD, director of the Center for Thoracic Cancers and chief of the Division of Hematology and Oncology.</p>
<p>ÂAfter meeting with Dr. Lynch and Dr. Noah Choi, [her radiation oncologist], I decided to receive my care at the MGH Cancer Center, said Kate, who eventually relocated with her family to a Boston suburb to be closer to MGH. ÂI was extremely impressed by the Cancer CenterÂs facility and staff, as well as its many support services.Â</p>
<p>The next six months of her life tested her mettle: While trying to maintain some semblance of normalcy for her family, she underwent a host of often-difficult treatments, including more chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and another major operation [performed by MGH thoracic surgeon John Wain, MD] to remove her lung tumorÂall the while praying for some good news.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, that was not to be. By early fall of 2002, four large tumors were detected in her liver and the cancer had metastasized to her pancreas. Nothing was working. ÂThe news was devastating, Kate admits.</p>
<p>Lynch suggested that she consider participating in a clinical research trial under way at MGH and other U.S. hospitals of a drug called Iressa. This is one of a growing number of Âsmart cancer drugs aimed at specific molecular targets known to play a pivotal role in cancer. Iressa was being evaluated in patients, like herself, with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, the most common form of the disease) for whom conventional chemotherapy had not been effective.</p>
<p>The active ingredient in Iressa, gefitinib, works by disabling a receptor on the surface of lung cancer cells called epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). It essentially halts a sequence of signals that can lead to the wildly uncontrolled proliferation that characterizes malignant tumor cells.</p>
<p>With limited options, but with Âa lot of fight left in me, Kate began taking a daily Iressa pill in late fall of 2002, roughly nine months after her diagnosis. ÂI wasnÂt expecting miracles from Iressa. I just wanted a little more time with my family, she says.</p>
<p>At eight-week checkup, not much had changed, but then again, nothing had gotten worse. By four months, there was no evidence of tumor in her pancreas. By six months, she was once again in shock, but this time because the news was so unexpectedly good. ÂThere was a dramatic change, she says. ÂMultiple tumors had disappeared entirely and larger ones were measurably smaller. Moreover, no new metastases were evident. Though Kate hadnÂt been expecting a miracle, she felt she had gotten one.</p>
<p>Today, she continues to take Iressa and, by her own and LynchÂs account, is Âdoing greatÂÂbasically being an active, involved, stay-at-home wife and mom to her children, who are now 12 and 14. ÂI feel very energetic and totally back to normal, she reports. Her most recent checkup showed no discernible signs of cancer.</p>
<p>Since there is no way to know if or when her cancer might recur, neither she nor Lynch uses the word Âcure. But she doesnÂt seem to mind.