<p>“Mini, no joking. Would you use chip implants in your brain if your IQ would increase 100 points but your personality would change. You would no longer be you. In other words, would you give yourself up for 100 IQ points?”</p>
<p>No, I’m a seller!
(But I always advise keeping an extra mind in your backpocket, in case you need to change it.)</p>
<p>On intelligence (what I’ve written):</p>
<p>B"ut what’s really important is how, as parents, we can foster our kids’ intelligence. Before he became famous for his advocacy of homeschooling, John Holt wrote in How Children Learn that “The test of intelligence is not how much we know how to do, but how we behave when we don’t know what to do.”</p>
<p>In a world that in some respects is changing so fast (and in others seems so stuck in paralysis), this ability to operate in a new environment becomes ever more critical. I have come to believe that there are (at least) nine “elements of intelligence”, nine behaviors and qualities that impact our ability to flourish in the face of the unknown. I think that if you were to observe how people generally considered to be intelligent behave, you would instantly recognize these characteristics to a lesser or greater extent. And, if I’m correct, you’ll both begin to understand your kids better, and better think how best to nurture them for a world of which we ourselves have only the barest inklings:</p>
<p>• Focus and centering – The capacity to clearly understand and conceptualize what is known and what it is unknown, and to pare the latter down to its essentials is a mark of intelligence, as is the ability to center on the problem on hand rather than spinning our wheels.</p>
<p>• Drive and perseverance – Whether we are attempting to learn a new violin sonata, master a difficult gymnastics move, or solve a mathematical conundrum, success is unlikely without inner drive and a willingness to stick to it until the goal is attained, knowing that once that waystation is reached, there will be further mountains to climb.</p>
<p>• Organization – Confronting the unknown requires the ability to organize intellectual, material, and human resources in a concerted, articulated way. Some of those resources will come from past personal experience, others from our analytical and creative abilities still others by drawing upon the expertise and abilities of others. But if we can’t organize it for ourselves, chances are we are not going to find the solution.</p>
<p>• Analytical ability – When we don’t know what to do, we often engage in a rollicking game of trial and error. In doing so we have to evaluate the results of our experience, narrowing the behavioral options from which we then can choose, and making decisions as to whether more information is necessary before an intelligent choice can be made. Analytical ability itself has two components: working memory – the ability to draw upon that which we already know or have experienced; and processing speed – the ability to readily run through all the possibilities to formulate the most useful hypothesis or elegant solution.</p>
<p>• Intuition – In life, as in science (and contrary to what they taught us about the so-called ‘scientific method’ in junior high school), exploration doesn’t start with either observation or hypothesis. There are endless universes of objects and phenomena to be observed, and scores of potential hypothesis for any situation, and the choice of which to explore, or which direction to proceed when faced with the unknown, is more often than not an act of intuition, which we build up as a result of increased experience.</p>
<p>• Creativity – Creativity is, in essence, the capacity to organize that which is already known or experienced in application to new challenges. We learn by analogy, to make connections among phenomena that might not seem inherently obvious, in confronting what is yet to be unearthed, discovered, understood, or created.</p>
<p>• Capacity to learn from others – Sometimes when we don’t know what to do, the best way forward is to draw on the resources of others, not just their experience, but in joint application to the problem at hand. Teamwork, leadership skill, the ability to listen well, the initiative to seek out mentors and learn from them, and the capacity to evaluate and make use of the best attributes of those around us enables us to solve problems with a far higher level of creativity that we might otherwise, in a synergistic pooling of intelligence.</p>
<p>• Flexibility, humor, and a sense of proportion – While we confront dangers in an uncertain world, the reality is that, in exercising our intelligence, we are rarely faced with life and death decisions. There are few lions in the forests, waiting to pounce as a result of a single misstep. The latitude for error – for learning – is usually quite wide. Intelligence requires that we pick up ourselves up with a smile when we’ve gotten off track, ready and willing to seriously yet playfully exercise our capabilities in facing the next set of trials we find along the way.</p>
<p>• Courage – Of all the components of intelligence - the ability to face-off and tame the unknown - courage is likely the single most essential, and perhaps the least appreciated. Without courage and a willingness to undertake risk, we draw back from new challenges, or we fall back into ruts, using the other elements of our intelligence in the same old ways. We become competent, perhaps, but dull. Without courage, we are less likely to trust our intuition, less likely to analogize creativity from past experience, and less likely to persevere.</p>
<p>But there is a tenth intelligence – empathy. There are clearly certain tasks that can’t be accomplished in the world effectively without it. A team leader cannot be effective without understanding why members of the team may be acting less than optimally, and requires a sense of what motivates different individuals to excel. A mentor, teacher, or parent cannot convey skills, tools, or information productively without an inward appreciation of how a child (or adult) will be able to receive them and act. In my experience, the same is true of people in business – good business people can listen intuitively to their clients, and can match their services to meet their clients’ needs and desires. Politicians in the best sense of the term require empathy to build consensus. Empathy makes up much of the currency of talented salespeople, doctors, nurses, social workers, pastors. Humbly, may I add writers? And putting aside individual proclivities for a moment, isn’t the degree of community-wide empathy one way to assess the true value of a community?"</p>