Theory Based Approach to Predict Academic Success

I ran across this gem looking at other ways to assess academic promise. How do schools gather this information in an objective manner? I remember Choate offering an “optional survey” as part of their application. Perhaps it was not so optional. Are interviews and essays elaborate ways of getting at this theory?

http://www.viriya.net/jabref/are_ssats_and_gpa_enough_a_theory-based_approach_to_predicting_academic_success_in_secondary_school.pdf