Statistically your choices’ student bodies differ most at their 25th percentile SAT scores:
UR: 1240
UCD: 1080
In terms of comparable schools by the above standard, URochester would be between UC-Berkeley and UCLA. UCD would be fairly similar to the College of New Jersey.
Medical school options depend to a great degree on state/country of residence, not the location of the undergraduate college attended. That noted, UR appears on an online list, “The Experts’ Choice: Colleges with Great Pre-med Programs.”
Regarding graduate schools more generally, they accept from a national pool.
Comparing your choices in terms of California employment prospects would be much like comparing, for instance, UC-Berkeley graduates to those from, say, MIT. If you think the prospects for a UCB grad in this scenario would be greater, then the same would probably be true for a UCD grad in relation to one from UR.