Mr. Perelman enjoys studying algorithms from E.T.S. research papers when he is not teaching undergraduates. This has taught him to think like e-Rater. </p>
<p>While his research is limited, because E.T.S. is the only organization that has permitted him to test its product, he says the automated reader can be easily gamed, is vulnerable to test prep, sets a very limited and rigid standard for what good writing is, and will pressure teachers to dumb down writing instruction. </p>
<p>The e-Raters biggest problem, he says, is that it cant identify truth. He tells students not to waste time worrying about whether their facts are accurate, since pretty much any fact will do as long as it is incorporated into a well-structured sentence. E-Rater doesnt care if you say the War of 1812 started in 1945, he said. </p>
<p>Mr. Perelman found that e-Rater prefers long essays. A 716-word essay he wrote that was padded with more than a dozen nonsensical sentences received a top score of 6; a well-argued, well-written essay of 567 words was scored a 5. </p>
<p>An automated reader can count, he said, so it can set parameters for the number of words in a good sentence and the number of sentences in a good paragraph. Once you understand e-Raters biases, he said, its not hard to raise your test score. </p>
<p>E-Rater, he said, does not like short sentences. </p>
<p>Or short paragraphs. </p>
<p>Or sentences that begin with or. And sentences that start with and. Nor sentence fragments. </p>
<p>However, he said, e-Rater likes connectors, like however, which serve as programming proxies for complex thinking. Moreover, moreover is good, too. </p>
<p>Gargantuan words are indemnified because e-Rater interprets them as a sign of lexical complexity. Whenever possible, Mr. Perelman advises, use a big word. Egregious is better than bad. </p>
<p>The substance of an argument doesnt matter, he said, as long as it looks to the computer as if its nicely argued.