I think part of the reason so many Americans in the top, say, 10 % of the income distribution classify themselves as “middle class” has to do with the old image of the American dream as a house, picket fence, dog, etc. That “dream” wasn’t associated with wealth; it was an aspiration that was supposed to be achievable for a sizable chunk of people by a certain point in their lives. That model was always an ideal, and has become increasingly inaccessible to a majority of people, but it still shapes our picture of the average American lifestyle.
For people who have grown up with that image, it can be hard to see yourself as wealthy as long as you aren’t living a life that is radically different from the “norm” of the American dream, even if you are objectively doing much better than even that generous model envisions. I look at my own parents. When I was growing up, we were what I think most people would define as middle-class – although even then, my guess is we were above the median income for even our high-priced area for much of my childhood. My father was a public school teacher, my mother worked part time. We lived in a 3-BR, 1.5 bath split-level. We ate out at family restaurants maybe once a month or so, took an occasional trip to a “big ticket” event like a baseball game. We had yearly vacations to places like Niagra Falls, Cape Cod, or Disney, which we would invariably drive to; by the time I went to college, I had been on a plane twice in my life
Fast forward to now. When my grandfather passed away shortly after I graduated college, it turned out he had invested very well over the years, and my parents inherited a significant amount of money. To put it in context, they probably now have about the amount that you might have expected them to have had they both been earning a full-time professional salary throughout their working lives. In other words, were they putting a kid through college today, they would probably be in that “doughnut hole” where they would be full or very near full pay, but it would still hurt a heck of a lot.
I am aware that my parents are doing better than the vast majority of Americans – they aren’t 1 %s, by any means, but certainly 10%s. On the other hand, looking at their lifestyle today, and comparing it to how we lived during my childhood, it is hard for me to say that they are now “rich.” They are much more comfortably, certainly, but it is more akin to the difference between economy and economy + than coach and first class. My father was able to semi-retire several years earlier than he would have. They can travel to places like Italy and Spain, and go out to eat more often than they used to. But they aren’t living any kind of luxury life, and not just because of ingrained frugality. They can take a European vacation every other year or so, but it still makes sense for them to budget for coach travel. They could, if they chose, move to a bigger home, but it would be more along the lines of a home with 3 larger bedrooms and 2 baths on the same sort of street they currently live on than an upgrade to a gated community. They don’t have to agonize before going to a baseball game or Broadway show, but that’s still an occasional thing, not a routine occurrence, and they’ll still be sitting in the cheap seats, although if they wanted to splurge on orchestra tickets they theoretically could. They’ll spend several thousand dollars extra for the Honda with special features, but still can’t responsibly buy a luxury car, and will likely keep that Honda for a good ten years. Needless to say, there are no private jets, or second homes.
So, are they rich? In absolute terms, probably yes. But as their day-to-day lives aren’t radically different than they were when I was a kid – or from the middle class “American dream” ideal – it is hard for me to define them as such, because that conjures up images that simply don’t apply in their case.