Yes you can be sponsored in the EB3 category while you’re currently attending school on an F1 visa. The employer is submitting applications and going through the process for future employment. So you would not be working for that employer in F1 status until the entire process was completed and you had an employment-based green card with them as the sponsor.
You should look at the Department of State Visa Bulletin to see how long the queue is for people from your country (everyone is grouped into the “All” category, except for people from China, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Mexico, and the Philippines).
Because it can take so long - like years, you should definitely speak with an immigration lawyer before having an employer start the process on your behalf. Having a pending petition can impact your ability to get a new F1 visa in your passport - if you will have to renew it while you’re studying.