She (and you) would have some responsibilities on the dating side too if she goes to college at 15. She’d have to tell others her age. An 18 year old could be charged with statutory rape for having a normal relationship with her if he didn’t know she was 15. You may think she’s not interested in alcohol or drugs or sex, but she’s 14 and in high school. Give it a year, a college dorm, and things may change, especially if she’s trying to fit in socially. You also talk about ‘her peers’ but what many of us are saying is that she won’t have 15 year old peers at college, she’ll have kids who are 3-6 years older than her and who may not be interested in being social peers. We’re telling you about our own experiences or of our younger kids going to college at 17, and that those experiences weren’t always great. I went to college at 17.5. The drinking age was 18 and I didn’t see that I was putting my friends in legal danger by going with them to bars and having them buy me alcohol. My daughter also started at 17 and we both wish she would have waited a year. Her boyfriend was 22 when they started dating, and she was just 18. That’s a big difference in life experiences (and my D was a very immature, physically small 17 year old going off to college).
You seem to be searching for the perfect solution without her making any compromises. She chose Russian at age 14 and that won’t work for the gap year programs you are looking at. How about French or Italian or Finnish? How about Polish,as Russian is spoken in many parts of Poland? My neighbors from Armenia spoke Russian.
Most of the kids I know who dropped out or transferred from their colleges did it for social reasons, not for academics (or the social issues caused academic problems). Smart kids who left Reed, Brandeis, Rollins, Washington College to transfer to a college closer to home. There is a lot of adjusting that happens at college that first year - sleep, medical care even for a common cold (she couldn’t even buy NyQuil for herself!), money management, food choices, home sickness, roommates, travel issues. Do you know that some airlines would require a 15 year old to pay the extra fee for an unaccompanied minor? Sometimes being 15 means you are treated as a 15 year old, even if you are really smart. No driver’s license, no renting hotel rooms, no signing contracts.
You asked our opinions, but don’t want to hear any suggestions that would have your daughter dealing with anyone who may not be her intellectual peer. A horse ranch? egads, non-geniuses might be there! Why couldn’t there be another kid just like yours taking a year or two off? Going to college near home? She’d have no friends. She wouldn’t be challenged. Do you consider all your students to be a lower intellectual class? If so, shame on you. You say she’s miserable in high school because the teachers are mean and the other kids tease her for being smart. Why do you think this will be different in college?