I think the so-call “maturity” mostly comes from experience, or better yet, training. I also believe the family is the most important training ground for the kids (actually, also for the parents).
What do your family discuss during dinner? In my family, the discussions are mostly on what we did during the day, at school or at work, who we interacted with, and what we learned. Most of my career so far has been running training/tech support (customers are hardware design engineers) thus I have many stories to share.
Since my D started talking, we encouraged her to ask questions. At first, if I knew the answer, I explained it to her. If I didn’t, I’d tell her that I’d have to learn and get back to her. We never let a question unanswered. And then when she started reading (about 4 yrs old), I stopped answering her questions. I instead told her, “Why don’t you find the answer to that and teach me so I can learn with you.” And then she found books, magazines around the house “suddenly” opened at articles related to the issue 
We taught her how to type (properly) when she started 1st grade. She also learned how to search the same year, first in the cd-rom encyclopedia (I think it was Microsoft’s Encarta), then on the internet.
She started taking on-line classes at 7 and started communicating with classmates and instructors via email and chat room. For the first few years, none of her messages went out without our approval. Even though not native English speakers (we migrated into the US in early 1980s), we were very diligent in checking spelling and grammar. That effort leaves a profound effect. Even today in text messages, every sentence my D sent out is a complete sentence, no abbreviation, no short cut (she types very fast, probably 80 wpm, which helps a lot).
When my D was 8 (3rd grade), we were buying a mini-van. We brought her along in all the test drives, and would ask for her opinion afterward. With her participation, we compiled all the likes/dislikes in a table to select the finalist. When she was 11, I was buying a digital SLR. I asked her to do a research to find the best camera in the pre-set price range. She came up with the brand/model matching what I intended to buy.
In general, she participated in all family decisions, from what microwave oven to what kind/color of flooring we would get.
My D started college at the age of 16, and her PhD program at 19.
I’m sorry if it sounds as if I were talking from a soap box, but I just want to share my thoughts and my experience.