I think the answer to it is that smoking has been directly tied to huge medical costs, they have ads in NY saying that smoking causes about 10 billion a year in health costs in the state each year. Smoking is directly tied to a number of things, various cancers, heart disease, diabetes, loss of limbs, you name it, and there is basically no safe level of smoking and despite claims, there are also no health benefits. Not to mention other things, that smoking also causes loss of productivity and so forth…
The problem with comparing smoking, to let’s say issues like obesity, is that when it comes to fitness and health there aren’t such strong correlations as with smoking. For one thing, obesity is not necessarily someone who chows down on junk food and refuses to exercise, obesity has strong genetic ties, too, could be metabolic problems and such that aren’t entirely in their control. Too, take a look at what has happened in recent years with fitness and health, that for example, maintaining a steady weight, even if obese, is much healthier than see-sawing with weight. Things like what constitutes a healthy diet are under debate, and magic numbers like cholesterol levels, LDL/HDL ratios, the impact of diet on dietary cholesterol, the value of statin drugs, the whole salt and high blood pressure, have come under increasing scrutiny and in some cases, have been found out to be bogus (for example, that dietary cholesterol has zero impact on serum cholesterol, or that the magic cholesterol numbers alone mean anything, the inflammation and things like arterial scarring are the real causes of hearth disease), using magic numbers in terms of setting insurance rates has a lot less meaning than with smoking, with smoking, other than those dependent on the tobacco industry, the data has only become more and more refined as to the impact of smoking on health, it is a direct correlation, whereas terms like fitness, and even terms like overweight and health, are not so clear.
So with tobacco, they use the stick (higher rates), with things like overweight and overall fitness, they use the carrot, give lower rates.So for example, let’s say the base rate of plan x is 600 a month to the employee. They could make the base rate 500, and add 100 on for being overweight let’s say, or 200 for smoking, but basing it at 600, and giving incentives to those who go to a wellness center and work out and such, of 100 a month does the same thing. In a sense, it is encouraging good behavior to become more healthy, while discouraging bad behavior (smoking) that frankly has no health benefits, no safe levels.
To be honest, given the cost that tobacco puts on our economy, it is just staggering to me it is still legal, in any form, and that the government farm programs still subsidize it. And before someone starts the prohibition analogy, forget it, with alcohol there are safe levels of drinking and it does have health benefits, with tobacco it not only has no positives, economically it is a huge drain on the economy, the the economic activity it generates is a fraction of what it costs us in lost productivity, and medical costs.