<p>France has one of the highest rates of alcoholism, chronic liver failure, and cirrhosis in the world. In England, binge drinking rates, sexual assaults, and etc. among teenagers are at their all time highs. In Russia, it is estimated that almost 25% of all health system expenditures deal with the impacts of alcohol and alcoholism.</p>
<p>Sophistication? hardly.</p>
<p>" I really think binge drinking would go down if it wasn’t so underground."</p>
<p>Binge drinking in the U.S. IS going down, and has been for five years. So there goes that hypothesis. Youth alcohol use rates have not been increasing. Youth motor vehicle deaths are at an all-time low. The only place where binge drinking has not been declining (from the data I have seen and work with) is in the top 200 colleges, especially the private ones. The percentage of youth who abstain from alcohol use is at an all-time high - and this includes those on college campuses. The raised drinking age has clearly worked, and worked very well.</p>
<p>But everything I posted prior to this had nothing to do with binge drinking, but with patterns of heavy drinking (there is a difference - heavy drinking has to do with almost daily use), and extensions of it from adolescence on into adulthood.</p>